Midterm exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Midterm exam - Essay Example Occasionally, culture of fake is always seen to supersede high culture. One such example is the popularity and usage of visual arts. Mass audience- it refers to a huge number of audiences congregating at the same place or listening to the same information at the same time. In such cases, the society is usually paying attention to one thing being aired or performed at the same time. Example is the use of mass media to passing information to a specific niche or political rallies in the society. Critics in the society have challenged this classification. Some have dismissed the effectiveness of popular culture in the development of the educated people in the society. On the other hand, some critics are proposing to merge the categories to portray one modern society. In addition, the feminists are also raising questions concerning the opportunities of women for creativity and how these have been able to change historically, and how the creativity of women have been put to evaluation, how women have been silenced and how men have been able to made meaning of life for women with the activities and myths. Despite this, the contemporary feminists have been able to take a diversified approach to dealing with these forms of culture (Charles, pg. 65). Assumption one- in this assumption, it is believed that women have a certain relationship to popular culture that is quite different from what men have towards popular culture. It has been pointed out that women have been playing key roles as consumers of particular products of popular culture, and they are, therefore, a core subject of the popular culture for both men and women. In addition, it is believed that in some cases and periods, women have been very important in creating and producing popular culture. Assumption two- to comprehend the functioning of the popular culture to both the patriarchal

Corporal Punishment Actually Means Hitting Children Research Paper

Corporal Punishment Actually Means Hitting Children - Research Paper Example Corporal punishment seems a simple and effective way to punish children when they stray from desired actions. Children seem to respond much quicker to physical punishments or even the threat of this than they do verbal corrections. Many parents believe that spanking is an acceptable form of punishment and consider the practice as an indispensable component of child-rearing. Others believe hitting anyone is wrong including and maybe especially, a person’s own child. Physically abusing another adult is a crime and when it involves a child, should be considered reprehensible as well. A civilized society should not permit a child to be abused simply because of some perceived biological right that somehow supersedes all others. Is spanking a positive, healthy and effective way to discipline a child or does this practice teach the child that violence is an accepted way to vent anger? This discussion will examine the argument from studies which advocate spanking as well as those whic h denounce the practice. According to Larzelere’s (2000) findings, whether children experience negative or positive outcomes due to their upbringing depends on the rate of recurrence of any disciplinary approach. This includes all types and does not single-out corporal punishment. Consequently, it is determined to be excessive recurrences of bad behavior that is the root-cause of negative outcomes such as excessive punishment – children are not bad because they’ve been spanked but are spanked because they’ve been bad. Parents understand that recurring bad behavior will hamper their child’s chances for a successful life as an adult and feel compelled to diminish poor behavioral patterns with disciplinary techniques they believe to be most effective. Most parents find it necessary to resort to the advice of those older than they regarding how best to handle disciplinary matters, thus acting without the guidance of emerging research and theories regar ding what motivates children and how best to redirect their behavior (Hernandez, 2007). â€Å"There are many aspects which influence parents in this hard job; for example, the culture in which they live, the economic situation in their society, and the religious environment† (Hernandez, 2007). For many of these groups, parents must either rely upon grandparent support and child-raising techniques or avoid raising their children altogether, leaving them to essentially raise themselves, as the parents must spend a majority of their time simply earning the necessary money to keep these same children fed, housed and clothed. This means children are either raised via archaic methods of punishment and behavior expectations or are raised without any boundaries, structure or cultural values. Without time or energy to research the latest knowledge regarding child behavior, what parents need is quality information regarding methods by which to effectively discipline their children with out needing to resort to violence or allowing their children to grow up without appropriate guidance. As it turns out, the most effective punishment techniques are established on the basis of a relationship between the parent and child that is positive and loving. The punishment methods are proactive but measured and administered with competency while being designed to both respect the misbehaving individual and present them with an opportunity to learn from their inappropriate behavior. Many of these concepts are based upon the teachings of Gandhi as they are outlined by R. Rajmohan (2000). According to Rajmohan, Gandhi believed that â€Å"Punishment and disciplinary action might make for an outer show of orderliness and